Content module 1. General provisions. Unconventional work cycles within traditional design schemes.
Topic 1. Definition of the internal combustion engine of the traditional scheme, clarification of the fundamental flaws and shortcomings of traditional schemes and classification of non-traditional engines.
Topic 2. System approach to comparative analysis of engines of different circuits, system approach to designing new engines.
Topic 3. Alternative working cycles of engines of traditional schemes, piston engines with extended expansion, piston engines operating on the Atkinson cycle and the Miler cycle, engines with the separation of the working process into two cylinders (Kushul engine, Scuderi).
Topic 4. Engines of traditional schemes operating using non-traditional fuel.
Topic 5. Rarely used schemes of traditional internal combustion engines. Aircraft star-shaped air-cooled internal combustion engines, air-cooled automobile engines, engines with oppositely moving pistons, two-stroke engines with unconventional blowing schemes.
Content module 2. Piston internal combustion engines with alternative power mechanisms.
Topic 6. Determination of defects and advantages of the central crank mechanism and varieties of KSM. Classification and brief description of alternative power mechanisms of piston engines.
Topic 7. Engines with "seamless" power mechanisms of ellipsographic and hypocyclic type: engines of Parsons, Burle, Balandin, Murray, Vulya.
Topic 8. Engines with multi-lever mechanisms, engines with a mechanism of the "beveled washer" type, etc.
Topic 9. ICE with freely moving pistons: diesel compressors with freely moving pistons, gas generators of high parameters with freely moving pistons, construction diesel hammers.
Content module 3. Rotor-piston internal combustion engines.
Topic 10. Identify the disadvantages and advantages of the piston-cylinder system to provide a variable volume reservoir. Classification and brief description of alternative schemes of variable volume tank arrangement to ensure ICE operating cycle.
Topic 11. Features of the design, operating cycle, design and calculation of the Wankel rotary piston engine. Advantages and disadvantages of the Wankel engine.
Topic 12. Features of the design, operating cycle, design and calculation of the rotor-blade engine. Advantages and disadvantages of rotor-blade engine.
Topic 13. Axial type rotary motors, toroidal and spheroidal engines, rotor-piston engines of other circuits.
Content module 4. Engines with external heat supply.
Topic 14. Determination of disadvantages and advantages of internal combustion engines, in comparison with external combustion engines. External combustion engines as an alternative to modern internal combustion engines. Design of engines with external heat supply.
Topic 15. Features of the working cycle and varieties of the Stirling engine. Calculation of the working cycle and features of the design of Stirling engines. Performance analysis of completed Stirling engines.

● Construction of a hierarchical scheme for designing the engine of an unconventional scheme. Preliminary definition of basic engine parameters: speed, dimension, number of cylinders

● Construction of the calculation algorithm of the workflow in differential form for an open thermodynamic system.
Analysis of idealized and real cycles of engines operating on the cycle of Atkinson, Miller, Diachenko. Determination of design features of such engines

● Comparison of the design and features of the operation of engines with liquid and air cooling. Define requirements for
aircraft piston engines. Analysis of rarely used two-stroke engine circuits

● Calculation of kinematics and dynamics of a shatterless power mechanism of ellipsographic type. Determining the cause and ways to solve the problem of jamming the mechanism. Conceptual comparison of engines with a traditional crank mechanism and with
a non-chained mechanism.

● Calculation of kinematics of engines with freely moving pistons.

● Construction of the theoretical and actual profile of the rotor and the twisting housing of the Wankel engine. Calculation of Wankel engine kinematics.

● Calculation of kinematics of rotor-blade engine, calculation of time-section of gas distribution organs.

● Calculation of the idealized Stirling engine. Features of the work of α -, β -, γ -Styrling.

Individual work of applicants is carried out under the guidance of a teacher and aims to deepen and consolidate the material of the lecture course. Due to the fact that the analysis of unconventional schemes of external and internal combustion engines is impossible without detailed calculations of their working cycles, as well as without a preliminary design of their design, the following organization of individual work of applicants is proposed.
The academic group of applicants is divided by the teacher into subgroups of 5... 6 people, which are conventionally called "design bureaus." Subgroups receive an individual task for sketching the engine of an unconventional scheme with a detailed study of a special question. In each subgroup, the teacher is appointed responsible person (chief designer), whose duties
includes general management of the work of the subgroup, distribution of work among the members of the subgroup, making decisions on the design of the engine. The responsible person reports directly to the teacher, the other members of the subgroup report to the responsible person.
Individual task is performed in the form of calculation and graphic work and contains calculation and explanatory note and graphic part. The individual task is carried out using a PC and involves the development by each subgroup of the necessary software for the implementation of the corresponding calculations. The individual task contains standard parts: description of engines of given unconventional schemes, calculation of engine kinematics, calculation of engine dynamics, calculation of engine operating cycle and preliminary design of the engine. In addition to each individual task, the task of working out a special
question. The content of the special question depends on the characteristics of the engine being designed.At the end of the semester, the entire subgroup performs a general defense of the task in the form of a report to the audience. An individual task is considered protected if the subgroup received a total of more than 20 points for its performance. A protected individual task is the basis for admission to the exam.
In addition to the specified type of individual work, each applicant during the semester has the opportunity to prepare an essay on the engine of an unconventional scheme that does not correspond to the individual task of any subgroup. The abstract is subject to public protection in practical occupations. Points received for the preparation and protection of the abstract (total no more than 10 points) are added to the current rating of the applicant.

1. Provide the definition of a conventional internal combustion engine. Indicate the shortcomings of traditional engines and determine possible ways to eliminate them.2. Give you a well-known classification of engines of non-traditional schemes and provide a brief description of each type of engine.3. Define and outline the main stages of the ICE life cycle as a technical object.4. Indicate the signs of ICE as a complex technical system.5. Outline the stages and purpose of the ICE design process. Ascending and descending design.6. Provide hierarchical levels of ICE design (hierarchical structure of the combined internal combustion engine) and indicate their relationship.7. Give examples of synthesis and analysis tasks when designing ICE.8. Explain the principles of decomposition and iteration of the ICE design process.9. Give a number of requirements for the design of a modern engine. What are the technical and economic indicators used? What are the main trends can be identified?10. How is the speed of the designed engine selected?11. What should be considered when choosing the geometric dimensions of the engine cylinder (cylinder diameter D, S/D ratio)?12. What factors should be considered when determining the number of engine cylinders?13. How should you choose the layout of the engine, including the location of the cylinders?14. Explain how the main determining parameters of the engine (speed, geometric dimensions of the cylinder, number and location of cylinders) depend on the purpose of the engine.15. Explain the peculiarity of the organization of ICE work according to the Atkinson cycle. Provide an indicator diagram of the theoretical and real cycle, compare the parameters of the Atkinson cycle and the Otto cycle.16. Explain the peculiarity of the organization of the ICE according to the Miller cycle. Provide an indicator diagram of the theoretical and real cycle, compare the parameters of the Miller cycle and the Otto cycle.17. How is it necessary to change the design of the serial prototype engine to transfer it to work according to the Atkinson cycle and the Miller cycle?18. Explain the peculiarity of the organization of the working cycle of the engine with extended expansion (Diachenko circuits). Provide an indicator diagram of the theoretical and real cycle.19. How is it possible to structurally ensure the operation of the internal combustion engine in a cycle with extended expansion?20. What are the advantages of engines with the division of the working cycle into two cylinders? Give a diagram of Kushul's engine and explain his work.21. Explain the features of the working process of engines operating on a homogeneous mixture with compression ignition. What advantages potentially have such engines and what are the disadvantages?22. What features have internal combustion engines running on hydrogen? Explain the difference in the working process compared to gasoline engines.23. Determine the feasibility and possibilities of using coal suspensions as engine fuel of ICE. What are the main obstacles to overcome for a successful conversion of ICE to solid fuel.24. Explain the features of the working cycle of engines operating on fuels with a high oxygen content: ethyl and methyl alcohols. Consider the possibility of transferring the engine to pea-like fuel (containing fuel and oxidizer).25. Analyze the main flaws and advantages of air cooling internal combustion engines compared to liquid-cooled engines.26. Provide rarely used schemes for purging two-stroke engines: Zoller purge, straight-flow slot purge, etc. What causes the gradual squeezing of two-stroke engines with four-stroke structures?27. Analyze the crank mechanism of different types in terms of engine layout. Indicate the shortcomings.28. Analyze the kinematics of the crank mechanism. Determine the relationship between the kinematics of the mechanism and the peculiarities of the engine operating cycle.29. Analyze the dynamics of the crank mechanism. What are the forces of inertia of the second order, what are the causes of their occurrence?30. Explain the main issues of balancing multi-cylinder engines with a crank mechanism.31. Provide the design scheme and explain the operation of the power mechanism of the ellipsographic type.32. Provide diagrams of types of power mechanism of ellipsographic type. What restrictions on the total number of cylinders of the engine are valid for this type of mechanism?33. Analyze kinematics and dynamics of a shatterless mechanism of ellipsographic type. Compare with crank mechanism.34. Does the type of power mechanism affect the flow of the engine operating cycle? Compare the crank-crank and seamless power mechanism of ellipsographic type by this factor.35. Provide a schematic diagram of a hypocyclic chained-free power mechanism (Murray mechanism). What changes in the design of the engine provides the use of this type of mechanism?36. Analyze the kinematics and dynamics of the hypocyclic seamless power mechanism. Compare with crank mechanism.37. Give you known schemes of engines with many lever mechanisms. What is the purpose of the designers, complicating the design of the engine?38. What are the advantages of the engine layout has a power mechanism of the "beveled washer" type? What is the main drawback of such mechanisms?39. Provide a diagram of a diesel compressor with freely moving pistons. Explain the principle of operation.40. Is it possible to calculate kinematics of diesel compressor pistons with freely moving pistons? Does the piston kinematics meet the requirements of the thermodynamic efficiency of the diesel compressor operating cycle?41. Provide indicator diagrams of the theoretical and actual cycle of the diesel compressor with freely moving pistons and diagrams in the compressor stage cavities.42. Provide a diagram, explain the principle of operation and give the purpose of diesel-piston gas generators with freely moving pistons.43. Explain the differences between a diesel compressor with freely movable pistons and a diesel piston gas generator with freely movable pistons.44. Provide the schematic diagram of pile diesel hammer. Explain the principle of operation, provide an indicator diagram of the theoretical and real cycle.45. Provide a block diagram of the algorithm for calculating the operating cycle of engines with alternative power mechanisms. What changes should be made to the mathematical model of the engine cycle of the traditional circuit? How does the operation of the power mechanism affect the flow of the engine operating cycle?46. Analyze the piston-cylinder system that provides a variable volume vessel by the following parameters: forces acting in the system, friction losses, weight and size parameters.47. Analyze the operation of the piston ring system of the engine of the traditional circuit.48. Alternative ways of organizing a variable volume vessel. Provide the diagrams of rotor-piston internal combustion engines known to you.49. What are the potential advantages of rotary piston engines compared to traditional engines?50. Provide a schematic diagram of the Wankel engine, explain the principle of the engine.51. Define the theoretical and actual contour of the working cavity of the Wankel engine.52. Provide calculation formulas for determination of theoretical contour of working cavity of Wankel engine.53. For what reasons is the theoretical contour of the working cavity of the Wankel engine corrected? How the adjustment is made.54. How is the rotor profile of the Wankel engine calculated? Why are recesses performed in the rotor?55. Outline schematically the sealing system of the Wankel engine. What are the problems with the sealing of working cavities in engines of this type.56. Analyze the conditions of fuel burnup in the rotary-piston engine. What is the reason for installing two spark plugs in Wankel gasoline engines?57. Analyze the shape of the combustion chamber of the Wankel engine from the position of the thermodynamic efficiency of the engine.58. Is it possible to organize the operation of the Wankel engine according to the diesel cycle.59. Analyze the law of changing the volume of the working cavities of the Wankel engine from the angle of rotation of the rotor and compare with the traditional crank mechanism.60. Perform comparative analysis of time-section diagrams of gas distribution elements of rotary-piston engine and engine of traditional circuit.61. Draw a diagram of the forces acting in the Wankel rotary piston engine. How are engines of this type balanced?62. Explain the design features of Wankel multirotor engines. What additional problems arise?63. Provide a schematic diagram of the Wankel engine lubrication system. What are the ways to form a layer of oil on the contour of the working profile of the engine?64. Compare the characteristics and basic technical and economic indicators of the Wankel engine and the engine of the traditional circuit of the same power.65. Draw a schematic diagram of the rotor-blade engine. Explain the principle of operation.66. Provide the schematic diagrams of the mechanisms known to you for synchronizing the movement of the rotor-blade engine blades.67. Is it possible to create multi-rotor rotor-blade engines?68. Indicate the fundamental advantages and disadvantages of the rotary-blade engine compared to the engine of the traditional scheme.69. Identify potential applications of rotary piston engines.70. Explain the peculiarity of gas exchange in the rotor-blade engine.71. Analyze the shape of the combustion chamber of the rotor-blade engine from the position of thermodynamic efficiency of the cycle.72. Is it possible to organize a diesel cycle in an engine made according to a rotor-blade scheme.73. Provide schematic diagrams of engines of axial, toroidal and spheroid type.74. What are the main factors that limit the rotor speed of rotary piston engines?75. Analyze the possibility of using rotary-piston engines, in particular the rotor-blade circuit, in engines with external heat supply.76. Provide a number of changes that need to be made to the program for calculating the working cycle of an internal combustion engine of a traditional scheme to ensure the calculation of the working cycle of rotary piston engines.77. Draw a schematic diagram of the engine with external heat supply. Indicate the main differences between internal combustion engines and engines with external heat supply.78. Name the types of engines known to you with external heat supply.79. To give a theoretical Stirling cycle in p-V and T-S coordinates. Indicate heat recovery processes.80. Write an expression for the thermal efficiency of the regenerative Stirling cycle and compare this cycle with the Carnot cycle.81. Compare the theoretical regenerative Stirling cycle with the Otto and Diesel cycles.82. Provide compatible indicator diagrams of the theoretical and real Stirling cycle. Point out the differences and the causes that cause them.83. Give the components of energy losses in the real Stirling cycle with respect to the theoretical cycle.84. Define the regenerator and name its functions as part of the Stirling engine.85. To give a schematic diagram of α -Styrling. Compare the theoretical and actual law of change of working volumes of the engine.86. To give a schematic diagram of β -Styrling. Compare the theoretical and actual law of change of working volumes of the engine.87. To give a schematic diagram of γ -Styrling. Compare the theoretical and actual law of change of working volumes of the engine.88. Provide an algorithm for determining the main determining indicators of the Stirling engine.89. What working bodies are used in Stirling engines and why?90. How is the power and speed of the Stirling engine adjusted?
91. Analyze possible fuels suitable for use in the Stirling engine. Which of them can be considered the most promising?
92. Provide the basis of the Stirling engine integral calculation algorithm.
93. Provide a calculation scheme for constructing a mathematical model of the Stirling engine workflow in differential form.
94. Provide the basic equations of the mathematical model of the working process of the Stirling engine in differential form.
95. Name the factors that limit the further increase in the efficiency of the Stirling engine.
96. Provide the design schemes of the regenerator known to you and methods for its calculation.
97. How is the heat supply and removal in the Stirling engine performed structurally?
98. Compare the performance of the Stirling engine with that of the conventional circuit.
99. Compare the Stirling engine and the engine of the traditional circuit according to the main technical and economic indicators.
100. Indicate possible areas of application of the Stirling engine, coinciding with the scope of application of traditional internal combustion engines.

Main literature
1. Automobile engines/I. AND. Timchenko, Yu. F. Gutarevich, K. E. Dolganov, M. R. Muzhdobaev; According to I. AND. Timchenko. - H.: Basis, 1995. - 464 s.
2. Nalivaiko V.S. Ship internal combustion engines: textbook/V.S. Nalivaiko, B.G. Timoshevsky, S.G. Tkachenko. - Nikolaev: publisher Torubara V.V., 2015. - 332 s.
3. Internal combustion engines: in 6 tons/edited by Prof. A.P. Marchenko, ext. scientist of Ukraine Prof. A. F. Shekhovtsova. Kharkiv: Vydavn. Center NTU "KhPI," 2004. T. 6: Reliability of ICE. 421 p.
4. Chernysh I. AND. Modern ship engines: design features, operation and automated control/I. AND. Chernysh, S. A. Karyansky, E. M. Ozhenko. - Odessa: NU "OMA," 2019. - 217 s.
5. Mitrofanov A.S. Fundamentals of operation, maintenance and repair of internal combustion engines: textbook/A.S. Mitrofanov, A.Yu. Proskurin. - Nikolaev: NUK, 2018. - 151 s.
6. Nalivaiko V.S. Structural components and systems of marine internal combustion engines: textbook/V.S. Nalivaiko, B.G. Timoshevsky. - Nikolaev: NUK, 2014. - 87 p.
7. Nalivaiko V.S. Modes of operation of ship's internal combustion engines: training. Posib/V.S. Nalivaiko, S.G. Tkachenko. - Nikolaev: NUK, 2015. - 100 s.
8. Heat recovery of ship internal combustion engines: thermochemical and hydrogen-ethalohydrogenic methods: monograph/M. R. Tkach, B. G. Timoshevsky, O. S. Mitrofanov, A. Yu. Proskurin, A. S. Poznansky, Yu. M. Galinkin. - Nikolaev: publisher Torubara V.V., 2019. - 178 s.
9. Kustovskaya A.D. Alternative fuels: textbook/A.D. Kustovskaya, S.V. Ivanov, E.A. Berezhny. - Kyiv: NAU, 2014. - 624 s.
10. Marchenko A.P., Ryazantsev M.K., Shekhovtsov A.F. Internal combustion engines: a series of textbooks in 6 vols. T. 1. Development of the design of forced engines of ground transport vehicles/rev. prof. A.P. Marchenko and assl. scientist of Ukraine Prof. A. F. Shekhovtsova. Kharkiv: Flag, 2004. - 384 s.11. Marchenko A.P., Ryazantsev M.K., Shekhovtsov A.F. Internal combustion engines: a series of textbooks in 6 vols. T. 2. Refinement of the design of forced engines of ground transport vehicles/Rev. A. P. Marchenko and bolt. scientist of Ukraine Prof. A. F. Shekhovtsova. Kharkiv: Flag, 2004. - 288 s.
12. Abramchuk F.I., Gutarevich Yu.F., Dolganov K.E., Timchenko I.I. Automobile engines: Textbook. - K.: Aristaeus, 2004. - 474 s.
13. Abramchuk F.I., Internal combustion engines: A series of textbooks in 6 volumes. T.6 Reliability of ICE/F. I. Abramchuk, M.K. Ryazantsev, A.F. Shekhovtsov/edited by Prof. A.P. Marchenko and Assl. scientist of Ukraine Prof. A. F. Shekhovtsova. Kharkiv: Flag,
2004. - 324 s.
Supporting literature
14. Combined power plant of the vehicle: pat. 100503 Ukraine MPK 7 V60K 6/00/O.I.. Voronkov, I. M. Nikitchenko, E. V. Teslenko, O. Yu. Linkov, A. A. Nazarov; applicant and patent holder Kharkov National Automobile and Road University. No u201501594; declared. 24.02.2015; publ. 27.07.2015, Bul. No 14.
15. Voronkov O. I., Lisina O. Yu., Nikitchenko I. M. Determination of the intersection time in the pneumatic motor spool valve. Automobile transport: Sat. nauch. tr. HNADU. 2014. Whoops. 34. P. 39-43.
16. Qihui Y., Cai M., Shi Y., Yuan C. Dimensionless Study on Efficiency and Speed Characteristics Of a Compressed Air engine. Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. 2015. No 137 (4).
17. Piston machine: pat. on the invention of Ukraine No. 120489/O. S. Mitrofanov, Yu. V. Shabalin, T. F. Biryuk, L. A. Efenina. No a201902189; zaia-vl. 10.09.2019 r.; December 10, 2019 Bul. No 23.

Information resources on the InternetThe main sources of information for this discipline are project documentation of engines, project manuals (Project Guide) of engine developers, primarily the leading corporation MAS, MITSUBISHI, YANMAR, DAIHATSU, Wärtsilä, domestic and foreign technical magazines on engine building.1. Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE): http://www.sae.org/2. Сайт Wärtsilä: https://www.wartsila.com/3. Wärtsilä Encyclopedia of Marine Technology: https://www.wartsila.com/encyclopedia4. Сайт WinGD Company: https://www.wingd.com/en/5. Сайт MAN Diesel: https://www.man-es.com/6. MAN Two-stroke project guides: https://www.man-es.com/marine/products/planning-tools-and-downloads/project-guides/two-stroke7. Сайт Сaterpillar https://www.caterpillar.com8. Сайт Mitsubishi: https://www.mhi.com9. Сайт Akasaka Diesels Ltd: http://www.akasaka-diesel.jp/en/10.Сайт Daihatsu Diesel: https://www.dhtd.co.jp/en/11.Сайт Hyundai: http://www.hyundai-engine.com/en/